At the Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology (LIST),
there is an international group of about 20 researchers
working under the direction of Professor Jens Kreisel.
Funded through the PEARL research grant programme of the Luxembourg National Research Fund (FNR),
they're investigating the developing of very special materials
These can be crystalline solids or thin films,
and they can do things like convert pressure into electricity.
We encounter materials like these in everyday things, like gas igniters
And, they save lives by responding within a fraction of a second
to convert the impact of a collision to the trigger signal that releases an airbag
These are just two of the more well-known applications for intelligent materials
We call materials intelligent, because they do something intelligent to solicitation they get from outside
This means for instance, you deform a material
and the material is intelligent enough to convert this into an electric property
and to say to the outside world 'hello, I have been deformed' and tell you this by an electric property.
Smart materials convert one type of energy into a different type of energy
All smart materials are functional materials
they have a function, a property which can be exploited in different types of technologies
These materials have many properties which are of interest to us, be they electrical, magnetic, or optical
Some for example produce electric voltage when exposed to light,
while others change their temperature when placed in an electric field
They are all inspired by a naturally occurring model material: perovskites
The research group in Luxembourg stands in a highly favourable environment
for investigating the potential for these materials
And developing them for technical applications
One of the great advantages of our group is that it does not sit on its own, but in an environment
Our department of about 170 people, allows access to different types of characterisation techniques,
different types of synthesising techniques
and access to a great bunch of colleagues with whom we can discuss our type of science
We have not only our PEARL group, but we have access to the whole ecosystem
We also collaborate with colleagues in materials and physics from the University of Luxembourg,
And obviously we have a lot of European and international collaborations
Doing science is collaborative work
One of the techniques LIST is a leader for is Raman spectroscopy,
including at extremely low temperatures, or under high pressure
The researchers fire laser beams at materials and derive – from the way the light scatters off them –
how their atomic structure determines their physical properties
In fact, the researchers take these characterisation techniques one step further:
We do something that no one else is doing:
when we shine with light on a material, we at the same time deform the material
We combine piezo effects with the light effect
and like this we work with photo piezo effect, so we again combine two different types of physical properties
No one else has really been doing this, and we are very excited about this and exploring it in more detail
From their success, it is clear the material researchers at LIST are on the right track
Their work has earned them a grant from the FNR's PEARL programme and funding from many other backers
This is a strategy the Luxembourg National Research Fund (FNR) welcomes,
to ensure good research stays anchored in Luxembourg.
The group has a bright future and now has already grown bigger than originally envisaged
The great thing about the group is that there is a large variety of people,
from fundamental research right the way up to applications,
we also have six different nationalities which I think is one of the very strong points of our group,
we have a vibrant community, we like to go out together and do a lot of stuff together
We have large discussions because there are so many different opinions,
and with new PhDs and Postdocs coming up, there are always fresh ideas coming in,
we are still growing and have a great critical mass to look into this field of research, the coupling of different materials
The research group is also developing innovative processing methods,
to bring smart materials into new industrial applications
Jens Kreisel's experts have managed to print ultra thin transparent layers of smart materials onto substrates
like glass or paper, using an inkjet printer
This technique can for example be used to make sensors or micro antennas,
opening up many new possibilities for application
One of our visions is to position these kinds of materials in the modern world, especially in the digital world
A lot of applications in the digital world are based on new types of screens, which are sensitive to touch
When you touch it, a kind of vibration comes back which is in fact the vibration of piezoelectric material
We are confident that this will see its life in future applications
This precise, localised feedback, will give touch screens a new level of user friendliness
In the future, what we would like to do is more translation of our fundamental understanding to technology applications
Our vision is to be known internationally as a group where we are not only active and experts in a narrow field,
but as a group known for bringing fundamental research right the way up to technology applications
This is a great challenge, because fundamental understanding and technology applications are really two different worlds
I would like our group to be known for being able to marry these two very different aspects
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